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articles/s/css-root-vs-html.md

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+---
+title: What's the difference between :root and html in CSS?
+shortTitle: :root vs html
+type: story
+tags: [css,layout,selector]
+author: chalarangelo
+cover: tree-roots
+excerpt: The CSS selectors used to target the root element of an HTML share some similarities, but they also have some differences.
+dateModified: 2022-05-22T05:00:00-04:00
+---
+
+CSS has two ways to target the root element of an HTML document - the `:root` pseudo-class and the `html` selector. While these are very similar to each other, they have a couple of differences you should know.
+
+### Selector specificity
+
+The `:root` selector has a higher specificity than the `html` selector. This is because `:root` is a pseudo-class selector, while `html` is a type selector.
+
+```css
+:root {
+  background-color: red;
+}
+
+html {
+  background-color: blue;
+}
+
+/* The HTML document's root element will have a red background-color.  */
+```
+
+### Targeting the root element
+
+CSS can be used to style other types of documents, apart from HTML. This is where the `:root` element comes in to play, allowing you to style the root element of a document. This can be especially important when styling SVG documents, where the `html` selector will not work.