diff --git a/snippets_archive/README.md b/snippets_archive/README.md index f86b944b3..b61d9ac4d 100644 --- a/snippets_archive/README.md +++ b/snippets_archive/README.md @@ -229,6 +229,237 @@ fibonacciCountUntilNum(10); // 7
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) +![Logo](/logo.png) + +# Snippets Archive + +These snippets, while useful and interesting, didn't quite make it into the repository due to either having very specific use-cases or being outdated. However we felt like they might still be useful to some readers, so here they are. + +## Table of Contents + +* [`JSONToDate.md`](#jsontodate.md) +* [`speechSynthesis.md`](#speechsynthesis.md) +* [`binarySearch.md`](#binarysearch.md) +* [`collatz.md`](#collatz.md) +* [`countVowels.md`](#countvowels.md) +* [`factors.md`](#factors.md) +* [`fibonacciCountUntilNum.md`](#fibonaccicountuntilnum.md) +* [`README.md`](#readme.md) +* [`howManyTimes.md`](#howmanytimes.md) +* [`isArmstrongNumber.md`](#isarmstrongnumber.md) +* [`quickSort.md`](#quicksort.md) +* [`removeVowels.md`](#removevowels.md) +* [`solveRPN.md`](#solverpn.md) +* [`fibonacciUntilNum.md`](#fibonacciuntilnum.md) + +--- + +### JSONToDate + +Converts a JSON object to a date. + +Use `Date()`, to convert dates in JSON format to readable format (`dd/mm/yyyy`). + +```js +const JSONToDate = arr => { + const dt = new Date(parseInt(arr.toString().substr(6))); + return `${dt.getDate()}/${dt.getMonth() + 1}/${dt.getFullYear()}`; +}; +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +JSONToDate(/Date(1489525200000)/); // "14/3/2017" +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### speechSynthesis + +Performs speech synthesis (experimental). + +Use `SpeechSynthesisUtterance.voice` and `window.speechSynthesis.getVoices()` to convert a message to speech. +Use `window.speechSynthesis.speak()` to play the message. + +Learn more about the [SpeechSynthesisUtterance interface of the Web Speech API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/SpeechSynthesisUtterance). + +```js +const speechSynthesis = message => { + const msg = new SpeechSynthesisUtterance(message); + msg.voice = window.speechSynthesis.getVoices()[0]; + window.speechSynthesis.speak(msg); +}; +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +speechSynthesis('Hello, World'); // // plays the message +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### binarySearch + +Use recursion. Similar to `Array.indexOf()` that finds the index of a value within an array. +The difference being this operation only works with sorted arrays which offers a major performance boost due to it's logarithmic nature when compared to a linear search or `Array.indexOf()`. + +Search a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half. +Begin with an interval covering the whole array. +If the value of the search is less than the item in the middle of the interval, recurse into the lower half. Otherwise recurse into the upper half. +Repeatedly recurse until the value is found which is the mid or you've recursed to a point that is greater than the length which means the value doesn't exist and return `-1`. + +```js +const binarySearch = (arr, val, start = 0, end = arr.length - 1) => { + if (start > end) return -1; + const mid = Math.floor((start + end) / 2); + if (arr[mid] > val) return binarySearch(arr, val, start, mid - 1); + if (arr[mid] < val) return binarySearch(arr, val, mid + 1, end); + return mid; +} +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +binarySearch([1, 4, 6, 7, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24], 6); // 2 +binarySearch([1, 4, 6, 7, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24], 21); // -1 +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### collatz + +Applies the Collatz algorithm. + +If `n` is even, return `n/2`. Otherwise, return `3n+1`. + +```js +const collatz = n => (n % 2 == 0 ? n / 2 : 3 * n + 1); +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +collatz(8); // 4 +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### countVowels + +Retuns `number` of vowels in provided string. + +Use a regular expression to count the number of vowels `(A, E, I, O, U)` in a `string`. + +```js +const countVowels = str => (str.match(/[aeiou]/gi) || []).length; +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +countVowels('foobar'); // 3 +countVowels('gym'); // 0 +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### factors + +Returns the array of factors of the given `num`. +If the second argument is set to `true` returns only the prime factors of `num`. +If `num` is `1` or `0` returns an empty array. +If `num` is less than `0` returns all the factors of `-int` together with their additive inverses. + +Use `Array.from()`, `Array.map()` and `Array.filter()` to find all the factors of `num`. +If given `num` is negative, use `Array.reduce()` to add the additive inverses to the array. +Return all results if `primes` is `false`, else determine and return only the prime factors using `isPrime` and `Array.filter()`. +Omit the second argument, `primes`, to return prime and non-prime factors by default. + +**Note**:- _Negative numbers are not considered prime._ + +```js +const factors = (num, primes = false) => { + const isPrime = num => { + const boundary = Math.floor(Math.sqrt(num)); + for (var i = 2; i <= boundary; i++) if (num % i === 0) return false; + return num >= 2; + }; + const isNeg = num < 0; + num = isNeg ? -num : num; + let array = Array.from({ length: num - 1 }) + .map((val, i) => (num % (i + 2) === 0 ? i + 2 : false)) + .filter(val => val); + if (isNeg) + array = array.reduce((acc, val) => { + acc.push(val); + acc.push(-val); + return acc; + }, []); + return primes ? array.filter(isPrime) : array; +}; +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +factors(12); // [2,3,4,6,12] +factors(12, true); // [2,3] +factors(-12); // [2, -2, 3, -3, 4, -4, 6, -6, 12, -12] +factors(-12, true); // [2,3] +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### fibonacciCountUntilNum + +Returns the number of fibonnacci numbers up to `num`(`0` and `num` inclusive). + +Use a mathematical formula to calculate the number of fibonacci numbers until `num`. + +```js +const fibonacciCountUntilNum = num => + Math.ceil(Math.log(num * Math.sqrt(5) + 1 / 2) / Math.log((Math.sqrt(5) + 1) / 2)); +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +fibonacciCountUntilNum(10); // 7 +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + ![Logo](/logo.png) # 30 seconds of code @@ -845,6 +1076,218 @@ solveRPN('2 3 ^'); // 8
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) +### fibonacciUntilNum + +Generates an array, containing the Fibonacci sequence, up until the nth term. + +Create an empty array of the specific length, initializing the first two values (`0` and `1`). +Use `Array.reduce()` to add values into the array, using the sum of the last two values, except for the first two. +Uses a mathematical formula to calculate the length of the array required. + +```js +const fibonacciUntilNum = num => { + let n = Math.ceil(Math.log(num * Math.sqrt(5) + 1 / 2) / Math.log((Math.sqrt(5) + 1) / 2)); + return Array.from({ length: n }).reduce( + (acc, val, i) => acc.concat(i > 1 ? acc[i - 1] + acc[i - 2] : i), + [] + ); +}; +``` + +
+Examples + +
+Examples + +```js +fibonacciUntilNum(10); // [ 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 ] +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### howManyTimes + +Returns the number of times `num` can be divided by `divisor` (integer or fractional) without getting a fractional answer. +Works for both negative and positive integers. + +If `divisor` is `-1` or `1` return `Infinity`. +If `divisor` is `-0` or `0` return `0`. +Otherwise, keep dividing `num` with `divisor` and incrementing `i`, while the result is an integer. +Return the number of times the loop was executed, `i`. + +```js +const howManyTimes = (num, divisor) => { + if (divisor === 1 || divisor === -1) return Infinity; + if (divisor === 0) return 0; + let i = 0; + while (Number.isInteger(num / divisor)) { + i++; + num = num / divisor; + } + return i; +}; +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +howManyTimes(100, 2); // 2 +howManyTimes(100, 2.5); // 2 +howManyTimes(100, 0); // 0 +howManyTimes(100, -1); // Infinity +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### isArmstrongNumber + +Checks if the given number is an Armstrong number or not. + +Convert the given number into an array of digits. Use the exponent operator (`**`) to get the appropriate power for each digit and sum them up. If the sum is equal to the number itself, return `true` otherwise `false`. + +```js +const isArmstrongNumber = digits => + (arr => arr.reduce((a, d) => a + parseInt(d) ** arr.length, 0) == digits)( + (digits + '').split('') + ); +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +isArmstrongNumber(1634); // true +isArmstrongNumber(56); // false +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### quickSort + +QuickSort an Array (ascending sort by default). + +Use recursion. +Use `Array.filter` and spread operator (`...`) to create an array that all elements with values less than the pivot come before the pivot, and all elements with values greater than the pivot come after it. +If the parameter `desc` is truthy, return array sorts in descending order. + +```js +const quickSort = ([n, ...nums], desc) => + isNaN(n) + ? [] + : [ + ...quickSort(nums.filter(v => (desc ? v > n : v <= n)), desc), + n, + ...quickSort(nums.filter(v => (!desc ? v > n : v <= n)), desc) + ]; +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +quickSort([4, 1, 3, 2]); // [1,2,3,4] +quickSort([4, 1, 3, 2], true); // [4,3,2,1] +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### removeVowels + +Returns all the vowels in a `str` replaced by `repl`. + +Use `String.replace()` with a regexp to replace all vowels in `str`. +Omot `repl` to use a default value of `''`. + +```js +const removeVowels = (str, repl = '') => str.replace(/[aeiou]/gi,repl); +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +removeVowels("foobAr"); // "fbr" +removeVowels("foobAr","*"); // "f**b*r" +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + +### solveRPN + +Solves the given mathematical expression in [reverse polish notation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation). +Throws appropriate errors if there are unrecognized symbols or the expression is wrong. The valid operators are :- `+`,`-`,`*`,`/`,`^`,`**` (`^`&`**` are the exponential symbols and are same). This snippet does not supports any unary operators. + +Use a dictionary, `OPERATORS` to specify each operator's matching mathematical operation. +Use `String.replace()` with a regular expression to replace `^` with `**`, `String.split()` to tokenize the string and `Array.filter()` to remove empty tokens. +Use `Array.forEach()` to parse each `symbol`, evaluate it as a numeric value or operator and solve the mathematical expression. +Numeric values are converted to floating point numbers and pushed to a `stack`, while operators are evaluated using the `OPERATORS` dictionary and pop elements from the `stack` to apply operations. + +```js +const solveRPN = rpn => { + const OPERATORS = { + '*': (a, b) => a * b, + '+': (a, b) => a + b, + '-': (a, b) => a - b, + '/': (a, b) => a / b, + '**': (a, b) => a ** b + }; + const [stack, solve] = [ + [], + rpn + .replace(/\^/g, '**') + .split(/\s+/g) + .filter(el => !/\s+/.test(el) && el !== '') + ]; + solve.forEach(symbol => { + if (!isNaN(parseFloat(symbol)) && isFinite(symbol)) { + stack.push(symbol); + } else if (Object.keys(OPERATORS).includes(symbol)) { + const [a, b] = [stack.pop(), stack.pop()]; + stack.push(OPERATORS[symbol](parseFloat(b), parseFloat(a))); + } else { + throw `${symbol} is not a recognized symbol`; + } + }); + if (stack.length === 1) return stack.pop(); + else throw `${rpn} is not a proper RPN. Please check it and try again`; +}; +``` + +
+Examples + +```js +solveRPN('15 7 1 1 + - / 3 * 2 1 1 + + -'); // 5 +solveRPN('2 3 ^'); // 8 +``` + +
+ +
[⬆ Back to top](#table-of-contents) + + ### fibonacciUntilNum Generates an array, containing the Fibonacci sequence, up until the nth term.