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## Table of Contents
* [`API`](#api)
* [`Argument`](#argument)
* [`Array`](#array)
* [`Boolean`](#boolean)
* [`Callback`](#callback)
* [`Class`](#class)
* [`Constant`](#constant)
* [`Cross-site scripting (XSS)`](#cross-site-scripting-xss)
* [`CSS`](#css)
* [`Currying`](#currying)
* [`DNS`](#dns)
* [`DOM`](#dom)
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* [`Git`](#git)
* [`HTML`](#html)
* [`HTTP and HTTPS`](#http-and-https)
* [`Integer`](#integer)
* [`Integration testing`](#integration-testing)
* [`IP`](#ip)
* [`jQuery`](#jquery)
* [`JSON`](#json)
* [`MVC`](#mvc)
* [`Npm`](#npm)
* [`Object-oriented programming`](#object-oriented-programming)
* [`Object`](#object)
* [`Promise`](#promise)
* [`Pseudo-class`](#pseudo-class)
* [`Pseudo-element`](#pseudo-element)
* [`React`](#react)
* [`Recursion`](#recursion)
* [`Regular expressions`](#regular-expressions)
* [`Repository`](#repository)
* [`Selector`](#selector)
* [`SQL`](#sql)
* [`String`](#string)
* [`SVG`](#svg)
* [`Template literals`](#template-literals)
* [`Unit testing`](#unit-testing)
* [`URI`](#uri)
* [`URL`](#url)
* [`Value vs reference`](#value-vs-reference)
* [`Variable`](#variable)
* [`WebGL`](#webgl)
* [`WebRTC`](#webrtc)
* [`XML`](#xml)
* [`Yarn`](#yarn)
### API
API stands for Application Programming Interface and is a set of features and rules provided by a provided by a software to enable third-party software to interact with it.
The code features of a web API usually include methods, properties, events or URLs.
### Argument
An argument is a value passed as an input to a function and can be either a primitive or an object.
@ -60,6 +83,10 @@ They represent logical data values and can only be `true` or `false`.
A callback function, also known as a high-order function, is a function that is passed into another function as an argument, which is then executed inside the outer function.
Callbacks can be synchronous or asynchronous.
### Class
In object-oriented programming, a class is a template definition of an object's properties and methods.
### Constant
A constant is a value, associated with an identifier.
@ -70,6 +97,11 @@ The value of a constant can be accessed using the identifier and cannot be alter
XSS refers to client-side code injection where the attacker injects malicious scripts into a legitimate website or web application.
This is often achieved when the application does not validate user input and freely injects dynamic HTML content.
### CSS
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets and is a language used to style web pages.
CSS documents are plaintext documents structured with rules, which consist of element selectors and property-value pairs that apply the styles to the specified selectors.
### Currying
Currying is a way of constructing functions that allows partial application of a function's arguments.
@ -143,16 +175,36 @@ HTML documents are plaintext documents structured with elements, which are surro
The HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the underlying network protocol that enables transfer of hypermedia documents on the Web, usually between a client and a server.
The HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is an encrypted version of the HTTP protocol, that uses SSL to encrypt all data transfered between a client and a server.
### Integer
Integers are one of the primitive data types in Javascript.
They represent a numerical value that has no fractional component.
### Integration testing
Integration testing is a type of software testing, used to test groups of units/components of a software.
The purpose of integration tests are to validate that the units/components interact with each other as expected.
### IP
An IP address is a number assigned to a device connected to a network that uses the Internet protocol.
Two IP versions are currently in use - IPv4, the older version of the communication protocol (e.g. 192.168.1.100) and IPv6, the newest version of the communication protocol which allows for many different IP addresses (e.g. 0:0:0:0:ffff:c0a8:164).
### jQuery
jQuery is a frontend JavaScript library, that simplifies DOM manipulation, AJAX calls and Event handling.
jQuery uses its globally defined function, `$()`, to select and manipulate DOM elements.
### JSON
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a format for storing and exchanging data.
It closely resembles the JavaScript object syntax, however some data types, such as dates and functions, cannot be natively represented and need to be serialized first.
### MVC
MVC stands for Model-View-Controller and is a software design pattern, emphasizing separation of concerns (logic and display).
The Model part of the MVC pattern refers to the data and business logic, the View handles the layout and display, while the Controller routes commands to the model and view parts.
### Npm
Npm is a package manager for the JavaScript programming language and the default package manager for Node.js.
@ -163,11 +215,25 @@ It consists of a command-line client and the npm registry, an online database of
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which may contain both data and procedures which can be use to operate on them.
JavaScript supports Object-oriented programming both via prototypes and classes.
### Object
Objects are data structures that contain data and instructions for working with the data.
Objects consist of key-value pairs, where the keys are alphanumeric identifiers and the values can either be primitives or objects.
JavaScript functions are also objects.
### Promise
The Promise object represents the eventual completion (or failure) of an asynchronous operation, and its resulting value.
A Promise can be in one of these states: pending(initial state, neither fulfilled nor rejected), fulfilled(operation completed successfully), rejected(operation failed).
### Pseudo-class
In CSS, a pseudo-class is used to define a special state of an element and can be used as a selector in combination with an id, element or class selector.
### Pseudo-element
In CSS, a pseudo-element is used to style specific parts of an element and can be used as a selector in combination with an id, element or class selector.
### React
React is a frontend framework, that allows developers to create dynamic, component-based user interfaces.
@ -194,16 +260,41 @@ In a version control system, a repository (or repo for short) is a data structur
A CSS selector is a pattern that is used to select and/or style one or more elements in a document, based on certain rules.
The order in which CSS selectors apply styles to elements is based on the rules of CSS specificity.
### SQL
SQL stands for Structured Query Language and is a language used to create, update, retrieve and calculate data in table-based databases.
SQL databases use a relational database model and are particularly useful in handlind structured data with relations between different entities.
### String
Strings are one of the primitive data types in JavaScript.
They are sequences of characters and are used to represent text.
### SVG
SVG stands for Scalable Vector Graphics and is a 2D vector image format based on an XML syntax.
SVG images can scale infinitely and can utilize clipping, masking, filters, animations etc.
### Template literals
Template literals are strings that allow embedded expressions.
They support multi-line strings, expression interpolation and nesting.
### Unit testing
Unit testing is a type of software testing, used to test individual units/components of a software.
The purpose of unit tests are to validate that each individual unit/component performs as designed.
### URI
URI stands for Uniform Resource Identifier and is a text string referring to a resource.
A common type of URI is a URL, which is used for the identification of resources on the Web.
### URL
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and is a text string specifying where a resource can be found on the Internet.
In the HTTP protocol, URLs are the same as web addresses and hyperlinks.
### Value vs reference
When passing a variable by value, a copy of the variable is made, meaning that any changes made to the contents of the variable will not be reflected in the original variable.
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A variable is a storage location, associated with an identifier and containing a value.
The value of a variable can be referred using the identifier and can be altered during execution.
### WebGL
WebGL stands for Web Graphics Library and is a JavaScript API that can be used for drawing interactive 2D and 3D graphics.
WebGL is based on OpenGL and can be invoked within HTML `<canvas>` elements, which provide a rendering surface.
### WebRTC
WebRTC stands for Web Real-Time Communication and is an API that can be used for video-chat, voice-calling and P2P-file-sharing web apps.
### XML
XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language and is a generic markup language specified by the W3C.
XML documents are plaintext documents structured with user-defined tags, surrounded by `<>` and optionally extended with attributes.
### Yarn
Yarn is a package manager made by Facebook.

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api
argument
array
boolean
@ -21,22 +22,34 @@ git
html
http-and-https
integer
integration-testing
ip
jquery
json
keyword_database
mvc
npm
object-oriented-programming
object
promise
pseudo-class
pseudo-element
react
readme
recursion
regular-expressions
repository
selector
sql
string
svg
template-literals
unit-testing
uri
url
value-vs-reference
variable
webgl
webrtc
xml
yarn