canary / host-aliases
This commit is contained in:
huanqing.shao
@ -345,6 +345,7 @@ module.exports = {
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'k8s-intermediate/service/service-details',
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'k8s-intermediate/service/service-types',
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'k8s-intermediate/service/dns',
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'k8s-intermediate/service/host-alias',
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'k8s-intermediate/service/connecting',
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'k8s-intermediate/service/ingress',
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'k8s-intermediate/service/cni',
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@ -418,7 +419,6 @@ module.exports = {
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{
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title: 'Kubernetes 高级',
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collapsable: true,
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path: '/learning/k8s-advanced/index',
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children: [
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{
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title: '问题诊断',
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22
.vuepress/public/statics/learning/svc/host-aliases-pod.yaml
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22
.vuepress/public/statics/learning/svc/host-aliases-pod.yaml
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@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Pod
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metadata:
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name: hostaliases-pod
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spec:
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restartPolicy: Never
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hostAliases:
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- ip: "127.0.0.1"
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hostnames:
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- "foo.local"
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- "bar.local"
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- ip: "10.1.2.3"
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hostnames:
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- "foo.remote"
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- "bar.remote"
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containers:
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- name: cat-hosts
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image: busybox
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command:
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- cat
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args:
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- "/etc/hosts"
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18
README.md
18
README.md
@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ Kubernetes教程的主要依据是：Kubernetes 官网文档，以及使用 Kubo
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/service-details.html">Service 详细描述</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/service-types.html">Service 类型</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/dns.html">Service/Pod 的 DNS</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/host-alias.html">配置Pod的 /etc/hosts</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/connecting.html">Service 连接应用程序</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/ingress.html">Ingress 通过互联网访问您的应用</a>
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* 存储
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@ -97,11 +98,18 @@ Kubernetes教程的主要依据是：Kubernetes 官网文档，以及使用 Kubo
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### Kubernetes高级
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/ts/application.html">问题诊断</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/logs/">日志</a>
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* Kubernetes 日志可视化
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* Kubernetes 监控
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* Kubernetes 联邦
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* 问题诊断
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/ts/application.html">诊断应用程序</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/ts/cluster.html">诊断集群问题</a>
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* 日志
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/logs/">日志</a>
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* 调度
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/schedule/">调度</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/schedule/tuning.html">调度调优</a>
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* <a href="https://kuboard.cn/learning/k8s-advanced/schedule/framework.html">调度框架</a>
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* 安全
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* 监控
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* 联邦
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### Kubernetes实战
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@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ meta:
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* [Service 详细描述](/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/service-details.html)
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* [Service 类型](/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/service-types.html)
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* [Service/Pod 的 DNS](/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/dns.html)
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* [配置Pod的 /etc/hosts](/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/host-alias.html)
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* [Service 连接应用程序](/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/connecting.html)
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* [Ingress 通过互联网访问您的应用](/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/ingress.html)
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* [如何选择网络插件](/learning/k8s-intermediate/service/cni.html)
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@ -91,9 +92,15 @@ meta:
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## **Kubernetes 高级**
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* [问题诊断](/learning/k8s-advanced/ts/application.html)
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* [日志](/learning/k8s-advanced/logs/)
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* [调度](/learning/k8s-advanced/schedule)
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* 问题诊断
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* [诊断应用程序](/learning/k8s-advanced/ts/application.html)
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* [诊断集群问题](/learning/k8s-advanced/ts/cluster.html)
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* 日志
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* [日志](/learning/k8s-advanced/logs/)
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* 调度
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* [调度](/learning/k8s-advanced/schedule/)
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* [调度调优](/learning/k8s-advanced/schedule/tuning.html)
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* [调度框架](/learning/k8s-advanced/schedule/framework.html)
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* 安全
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* 监控
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* 联邦
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117
learning/k8s-intermediate/service/host-alias.md
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117
learning/k8s-intermediate/service/host-alias.md
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@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
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---
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vssueId: 132=
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layout: LearningLayout
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description: Kubernetes教程_某些情况下_DNS或者其他的域名解析方法可能不太适用_您需要配置_/etc/hosts文件_在Linux下是比较容易做到的_在Kubernetes中_可以通过Pod定义中的_`hostAliases`_字段向Pod的/etc/hosts添加条目。
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meta:
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- name: keywords
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content: Kubernetes Ingress,Ingress
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---
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# 配置Pod的 /etc/hosts
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<AdSenseTitle>
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> 参考文档：[Adding entries to Pod /etc/hosts with HostAliases](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/add-entries-to-pod-etc-hosts-with-host-aliases/)
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某些情况下，DNS 或者其他的域名解析方法可能不太适用，您需要配置 /etc/hosts 文件，在Linux下是比较容易做到的，在 Kubernetes 中，可以通过 Pod 定义中的 `hostAliases` 字段向 Pod 的 /etc/hosts 添加条目。
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适用其他方法修改 Pod 的 /etc/hosts 文件是不被推荐的，因为 kubelet 可能在重新创建 Pod 时，就会覆盖这些修改。
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</AdSenseTitle>
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## 默认hosts文件内容
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通过创建一个 Nginx Pod，我们可以查看Pod创建后，/etc/hosts 文件的默认内容，执行命令：
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``` sh
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kubectl run nginx --image nginx --generator=run-pod/v1
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```
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执行命令查看 Pod 的IP：
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``` sh
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kubectl get pods -o wide
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```
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输出结果如下所示：
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```
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
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nginx 1/1 Running 0 13s 10.200.0.4 worker0
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```
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执行命令查看hosts文件的内容
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``` sh
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kubectl exec nginx -- cat /etc/hosts
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```
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输出结果如下所示：
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```
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# Kubernetes-managed hosts file.
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
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fe00::0 ip6-localnet
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fe00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
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fe00::1 ip6-allnodes
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fe00::2 ip6-allrouters
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10.200.0.4 nginx
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```
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默认情况下， `hosts` 文件只包含 IPv4 和 IPv6 的基本配置，例如 `localhost` 和该 Pod 自己的 hostname。
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## 使用hostAliases添加额外的条目
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通过 Pod 定义中的 `.spec.hostAliases` 字段，我们可以向 Pod 的 `/etc/hosts` 文件中添加额外的条目，用来解析 `foo.local`、`bar.local` 到 `127.0.0.1 和` `foo.remote`、`bar.remote` 到 `10.1.2.3`，如下所示：
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<<< @/.vuepress/public/statics/learning/svc/host-aliases-pod.yaml
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执行一下命令可创建该 Pod：
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``` sh
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kubectl apply -f https://kuboard.cn/statics/learning/svc/host-aliases-pod.yaml
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```
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执行命令查看 Pod 的 IP 和状态：
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``` sh
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kubectl get pod --output=wide
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```
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输出结果如下所示：
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```
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
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hostaliases-pod 0/1 Completed 0 6s 10.200.0.5 worker0
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```
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执行命令查看 hosts 文件内容：
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``` sh
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kubectl logs hostaliases-pod
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```
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输出结果如下所示：
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```
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# Kubernetes-managed hosts file.
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
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fe00::0 ip6-localnet
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fe00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
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fe00::1 ip6-allnodes
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fe00::2 ip6-allrouters
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10.200.0.5 hostaliases-pod
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# Entries added by HostAliases.
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127.0.0.1 foo.local bar.local
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10.1.2.3 foo.remote bar.remote
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```
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从结果中，我们可以看到，配置的条目被添加在 `/etc/hosts` 文件的末尾。
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## 为什么kubelet要管理hosts文件
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Kubelet [管理](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/14633) `hosts` Pod 中每个容器的 hosts 文件，以便可以阻止 Docker 在容器启动以后 [修改](https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/17190) 该文件。
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细节情况请参考两个 github issue：
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[https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/14633](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/14633)
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[https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/17190](https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/17190)
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由于该文件已经被 Kubelet 管理起来，任何对该文件手工修改的内容，都将在 Kubelet 重启容器或者 Pod 重新调度时被覆盖。因此，最好是通过 `hostAliases` 修改 Pod 的 /etc/hosts 文件，而不是手工修改。
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@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
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---
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vssueId: 41
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layout: LearningLayout
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description: 本文描述了如何通过 Deployment 执行灰度发布（金丝雀发布）
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description: 本文描述了如何通过 Deployment 执行灰度发布（金丝雀发布）如果您想使用 Deployment 将最新的应用程序版本发布给一部分用户（或服务器），您可以为每个版本创建一个 Deployment，此时，应用程序的新旧两个版本都可以同时获得生产上的流量。
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meta:
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- name: keywords
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content: Kubernetes教程,K8S教程,金丝雀发布,灰度发布
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---
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# 金丝雀发布
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# 金丝雀发布（灰度发布）
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<AdSenseTitle/>
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