归档到目前的贡献者 (#881)

* 修改第二章部分细节

* update control flow

* 调整 Functions 章节细节

* 重新整理翻译工作主要贡献者记录

* 更新贡献者记录文件

1. 移除与官方文档无关内容
2. 归档主要贡献者记录并附录在文档最后一页
This commit is contained in:
Karsa Wu
2019-01-27 21:00:21 +08:00
committed by Jie Liang
parent 3224ccac8f
commit 10395aaee1
14 changed files with 135 additions and 1019 deletions

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# Summary
* [欢迎使用 Swift](chapter1/chapter1.md)
* 欢迎使用 Swift
* [关于 Swift](chapter1/01_about_swift.md)
* [版本兼容性](chapter1/02_version_compatibility.md)
* [Swift 初见](chapter1/03_a_swift_tour.md)
* [Swift 版本历史记录](chapter1/04_revision_history.md)
* [Swift 1.0 发布内容](v1.0.md)
* [Swift 教程](chapter2/chapter2.md)
* Swift 教程
* [基础部分](chapter2/01_The_Basics.md)
* [基本运算符](chapter2/02_Basic_Operators.md)
* [字符串和字符](chapter2/03_Strings_and_Characters.md)
@ -44,12 +43,5 @@
* [模式](chapter3/08_Patterns.md)
* [泛型参数](chapter3/09_Generic_Parameters_and_Arguments.md)
* [语法总结](chapter3/10_Summary_of_the_Grammar.md)
* 苹果官方 Blog 官方翻译
* [Access Control 权限控制的黑与白](chapter4/01_Access_Control.md)
* [造个类型不是梦-白话 Swift 类型创建](chapter4/02_Type_Custom.md)
* [WWDC 里面的那个“大炮打气球”](chapter4/03_Ballons.md)
* [Swift 与 C 语言指针友好合作](chapter4/04_Interacting_with_C_Pointers.md)
* [引用类型和值类型的恩怨](chapter4/05_Value_and_Reference_Types.md)
* [访问控制和 Protected](chapter4/06_Access_Control_and_Protected.md)
* [可选类型完美解决占位问题](chapter4/07_Optional_Case_Study.md)
* 翻译贡献者
* [翻译贡献者](contributors.md)

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# 翻译历史记录
## About Swift
> 1.0
> 翻译:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)
> 校对:[yeahdongcn](https://github.com/yeahdongcn)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[xtymichael](https://github.com/xtymichael)
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2016-10-06
> 3.0.1
> review : 2016-11-09
> 3.1
> 校对: [SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2017-04-08
> 4.0
> 翻译:[rain2540](https://github.com/rain2540) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Version Compatibility
> 4.0
> 翻译:[muhlenXi](https://github.com/muhlenxi) 2017-09-25
> 4.1
> 翻译:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## A Swift Tour
> 1.0
> 翻译:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)
> 校对:[shinyzhu](https://github.com/shinyzhu), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[xtymichael](https://github.com/xtymichael)
> 2.2
> 翻译:[175](https://github.com/Brian175)2016-04-09
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK)2016-05-11
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2016-10-06
> 3.0.1
> review: 2016-11-09
> 3.1 校对: [SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2017-04-08
> 4.0
> 翻译+校对:[muhlenxi](https://github.com/muhlenxi) 2017-09-26
> 4.1
> 翻译:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Revision History
> 1.0
> 翻译:[成都老码团队翻译组-Arya](http://weibo.com/littlekok/)
> 校对:[成都老码团队翻译组-Oberyn](http://weibo.com/u/5241713117)
[changkun](http://changkun.us/about/)
>
> 1.1
> 翻译:[成都老码团队翻译组-Arya](http://weibo.com/littlekok/)
> 校对:[成都老码团队翻译组-Oberyn](http://weibo.com/u/5241713117)
[changkun](http://changkun.us/about/)
>
> 1.2
> 翻译:[成都老码团队翻译组-Arya](http://weibo.com/littlekok/)
> 校对:[成都老码团队翻译组-Oberyn](http://weibo.com/u/5241713117)
[changkun](http://changkun.us/about/)
>
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[changkun](http://changkun.us/about/)
>
> 2.1
> 翻译+校对:[changkun](http://changkun.us/about/)
>
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[changkun](http://changkun.us/about/)
>
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2016-10-06
>
> 3.0.1
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2016-11-10
>
> 3.1
> 翻译+校对:[bq](https://github.com/bqlin)2018-02-22
>
> 4.0
> 翻译+校对:[bq](https://github.com/bqlin)2018-02-22
>
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[bq](https://github.com/bqlin)2018-02-22

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# 翻译历史记录
## The Basic
> 1.0
> 翻译:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [lyuka](https://github.com/lyuka), [JaySurplus](https://github.com/JaySurplus)
> 校对:[lslxdx](https://github.com/lslxdx)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[xtymichael](https://github.com/xtymichael)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[Prayer](https://github.com/futantan)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)[overtrue](https://github.com/overtrue)
> 2.2
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK)
> 3.0
> 校对:[CMB](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)版本时间2016-09-13
> 3.0.1, 2016-11-11shanks
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Basic_Operators
> 1.0
> 翻译:[XieLingWang](https://github.com/xielingwang)
> 校对:[EvilCome](https://github.com/Evilcome)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[JackAlan](https://github.com/AlanMelody)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[Cee](https://github.com/Cee) 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK)2016-05-11
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-11
> 4.0
> 翻译+校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Strings_and_Characters
> 1.0
> 翻译:[wh1100717](https://github.com/wh1100717)
> 校对:[Hawstein](https://github.com/Hawstein)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[DianQK](https://github.com/DianQK)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[DianQK](https://github.com/DianQK)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me), [Realank](https://github.com/Realank),
> 2.2
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK)
> 3.0
> 校对:[CMB](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)版本日期2016-09-13
> 3.0.1, shanks, 2016-11-11
> 4.0
> 翻译:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Collection_Types
> 1.0
> 翻译:[zqp](https://github.com/zqp)
> 校对:[shinyzhu](https://github.com/shinyzhu), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai), [feiin](https://github.com/feiin)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[JackAlan](https://github.com/AlanMelody)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-11
> 3.0
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me) 2016-10-09
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-12
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Control Flow
> 1.0
> 翻译:[vclwei](https://github.com/vclwei), [coverxit](https://github.com/coverxit), [NicePiao](https://github.com/NicePiao)
> 校对:[coverxit](https://github.com/coverxit), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[JackAlan](https://github.com/AlanMelody)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[Prayer](https://github.com/futantan)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 翻译:[LinusLing](https://github.com/linusling)
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK)
> 3.0
> 翻译:[Realank](https://github.com/realank) 2016-09-13
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-12
> 3.1
> 翻译:[qhd](https://github.com/qhd) 2017-04-17
> 4.0
> 翻译:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Functions
> 1.0
> 翻译:[honghaoz](https://github.com/honghaoz)
> 校对:[LunaticM](https://github.com/LunaticM)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[dreamkidd](https://github.com/dreamkidd)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[DianQK](https://github.com/DianQK)
> 定稿:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-12
> 3.0
> 翻译: [crayygy](https://github.com/crayygy) 2016-09-12
> 校对: [shanks](http://codebuild.me) 2016-09-27
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-12
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Closures
> 1.0
> 翻译:[wh1100717](https://github.com/wh1100717)
> 校对:[lyuka](https://github.com/lyuka)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[100mango](https://github.com/100mango)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[100mango](https://github.com/100mango), [magicdict](https://github.com/magicdict)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-12
> 3.0
> 翻译:[Lanford](https://github.com/LanfordCai) 2016-09-19
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-12
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Enumerations
> 1.0
> 翻译:[yankuangshi](https://github.com/yankuangshi)
> 校对:[shinyzhu](https://github.com/shinyzhu)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[futantan](https://github.com/futantan)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[Channe](https://github.com/Channe)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-13
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](https://codebuild.me) 2016-09-24
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-12
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Classes And Structures
> 1.0
> 翻译:[JaySurplus](https://github.com/JaySurplus)
> 校对:[sg552](https://github.com/sg552)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[SkyJean](https://github.com/SkyJean)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-10-29
> 2.2
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-13
>
> 3.0.1 shanks 2016-11-12
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Properties
> 1.0
> 翻译:[shinyzhu](https://github.com/shinyzhu)
> 校对:[pp-prog](https://github.com/pp-prog) [yangsiy](https://github.com/yangsiy)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[yangsiy](https://github.com/yangsiy)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[buginux](https://github.com/buginux)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-10-29
> 2.2
> 翻译:[saitjr](https://github.com/saitjr)2016-04-11[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-13
>
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-12
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Methods
> 1.0
> 翻译:[pp-prog](https://github.com/pp-prog)
> 校对:[zqp](https://github.com/zqp)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[DianQK](https://github.com/DianQK)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[DianQK](https://github.com/DianQK)[Realank](https://github.com/Realank) 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2016-01-18
> 2.2
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-13
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Subscripts
> 1.0
> 翻译:[siemenliu](https://github.com/siemenliu)
> 校对:[zq54zquan](https://github.com/zq54zquan)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.1
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)[Realank](https://github.com/Realank)
> 2.2
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-13
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Inheritance
> 1.0
> 翻译:[Hawstein](https://github.com/Hawstein)
> 校对:[menlongsheng](https://github.com/menlongsheng)
> 2.02.1
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-13
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Initialization
> 1.0
> 翻译:[lifedim](https://github.com/lifedim)
> 校对:[lifedim](https://github.com/lifedim)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[chenmingbiao](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[Channe](https://github.com/Channe)[Realank](https://github.com/Realank)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2016-1-23
> 2.2
> 翻译:[pmst](https://github.com/colourful987)
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-14
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 3.1
> 翻译:[qhd](https://github.com/qhd) 2017-04-18
> 4.0
> 翻译:[muhlenXi](https://github.com/muhlenxi) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Deinitialization
> 1.0
> 翻译:[bruce0505](https://github.com/bruce0505)
> 校对:[fd5788](https://github.com/fd5788)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[chenmingbiao](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-10-31
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-14
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Optional Chaining
> 1.0
> 翻译:[Jasonbroker](https://github.com/Jasonbroker)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[lyojo](https://github.com/lyojo)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-10-31
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-15
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Error Handling
> 2.1
> 翻译+校对:[lyojo](https://github.com/lyojo) [ray16897188](https://github.com/ray16897188) 2015-10-23
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me) 2015-10-24
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-15
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me) 2016-09-24
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 翻译+校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Type Casting
> 1.0
> 翻译:[xiehurricane](https://github.com/xiehurricane)
> 校对:[happyming](https://github.com/happyming)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[yangsiy](https://github.com/yangsiy)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-11-01
>
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-16
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Nested Types
> 1.0
> 翻译:[Lin-H](https://github.com/Lin-H)
> 校对:[shinyzhu](https://github.com/shinyzhu)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[SergioChan](https://github.com/SergioChan)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-11-01
>
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-16
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 翻译+校对:[EyreFree](https://www.eyrefree.org/) 2017-10-19
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Extensions
> 1.0
> 翻译:[lyuka](https://github.com/lyuka)
> 校对:[Hawstein](https://github.com/Hawstein)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
>
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-16
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Protocols
> 1.0
> 翻译:[geek5nan](https://github.com/geek5nan)
> 校对:[dabing1022](https://github.com/dabing1022)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[futantan](https://github.com/futantan)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[小铁匠 Linus](https://github.com/kevin833752)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
>
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK)
>
> 3.0
> 校对:[CMB](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)版本日期2016-09-13
> 3.0.1
> shanks2016-11-13
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Generics
> 1.0
> 翻译:[takalard](https://github.com/takalard)
> 校对:[lifedim](https://github.com/lifedim)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对: [SergioChan](https://github.com/SergioChan)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-11-01
> 2.2:翻译+校对:[Lanford](https://github.com/LanfordCai)2016-04-08 [SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-16
> 3.0:翻译+校对:[chenmingjia](https://github.com/chenmingjia)2016-09-12
> 3.0.1shanks2016-11-13
> 3.1:翻译:[qhd](https://github.com/qhd)2017-04-10
> 4.0
> 翻译+校对:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Automatic Reference Counting
> 1.0
> 翻译:[TimothyYe](https://github.com/TimothyYe)
> 校对:[Hawstein](https://github.com/Hawstein)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[Channe](https://github.com/Channe)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[Channe](https://github.com/Channe)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)[Realank](https://github.com/Realank) 2016-01-23
>
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-14
> 3.0.1
> shanks2016-11-13
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Memory Safety
> 4.0
> 翻译:[kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io/) 2017-09-21
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Access Control
> 1.0
> 翻译:[JaceFu](http://www.devtalking.com/)
> 校对:[ChildhoodAndy](http://childhood.logdown.com)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[Prayer](https://github.com/futantan)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-11-01
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-17
> 3.0.1
> 翻译+校对: shanks2016-11-13
> 4.0
> 翻译kemchenj2017-09-23
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
## Advanced Operators
> 1.0
> 翻译:[xielingwang](https://github.com/xielingwang)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[buginux](https://github.com/buginux)
> 2.1
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)2015-11-01
>
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 2016-05-17
>
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay) 2016-09-20
> 3.0.1
> shanks2016-11-13
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)

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# 关于语言参考About the Language Reference
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[dabing1022](https://github.com/dabing1022)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[KYawn](https://github.com/KYawn)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页内容包括:
- [如何阅读语法](#how_to_read_the_grammar)

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# 词法结构Lexical Structure
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[superkam](https://github.com/superkam)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[buginux](https://github.com/buginux)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay)
> 2.2
> 翻译+校对:[星夜暮晨](https://github.com/semperidem)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页包含内容:
- [空白与注释](#whitespace_and_comments)
- [标识符](#identifiers)
- [关键字和标点符号](#keywords)
- [字面量](#literals)
- [整数字面量](#integer_literals)
- [浮点数字面量](#floating_point_literals)
- [字符串字面量](#string_literals)
- [运算符](#operators)
Swift 的*“词法结构lexical structure”* 描述了能构成该语言中有效符号token的字符序列。这些合法符号组成了语言中最底层的构建基块并在之后的章节中用于描述语言的其他部分。一个合法符号由一个标识符identifier、关键字keyword、标点符号punctuation、字面量literal或运算符operator组成。

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# 类型Types
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[lyuka](https://github.com/lyuka)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[EudeMorgen](https://github.com/EudeMorgen)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页包含内容:

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# 表达式Expressions
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[sg552](https://github.com/sg552)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[EudeMorgen](https://github.com/EudeMorgen)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay)
> 2.2
> 校对:[175](https://github.com/Brian175)
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[chenmingjia](https://github.com/chenmingjia)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页包含内容:
- [前缀表达式](#prefix_expressions)
- [try 运算符](#try_operator)
- [二元表达式](#binary_expressions)
- [赋值表达式](#assignment_operator)
- [三元条件运算符](#ternary_conditional_operator)
- [类型转换运算符](#type-casting_operators)
- [基本表达式](#primary_expressions)
- [字面量表达式](#literal_expression)
- [self 表达式](#self_expression)
- [超类表达式](#superclass_expression)
- [闭包表达式](#closure_expression)
- [隐式成员表达式](#implicit_member_expression)
- [圆括号表达式](#parenthesized_expression)
- [通配符表达式](#wildcard_expression)
- [选择器表达式](#selector_expression)
- [后缀表达式](#postfix_expressions)
- [函数调用表达式](#function_call_expression)
- [构造器表达式](#initializer_expression)
- [显式成员表达式](#explicit_member_expression)
- [后缀 self 表达式](#postfix_self_expression)
- [dynamicType 表达式](#dynamic_type_expression)
- [下标表达式](#subscript_expression)
- [强制取值表达式](#forced-Value_expression)
- [可选链表达式](#optional-chaining_expression)
Swift 中存在四种表达式:前缀表达式,二元表达式,基本表达式和后缀表达式。表达式在返回一个值的同时还可以引发副作用。

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<a name="statement_statements"></a>
# 语句Statements
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[coverxit](https://github.com/coverxit)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [coverxit](https://github.com/coverxit), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[littledogboy](https://github.com/littledogboy)
> 2.2
> 翻译:[chenmingbiao](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)
> 3.0
> 翻译:[chenmingjia](https://github.com/chenmingjia)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页包含内容:
- [循环语句](#loop_statements)
- [For-In 语句](#for-in_statements)
- [While 语句](#while_statements)
- [Repeat-While 语句](#repeat-while_statements)
- [分支语句](#branch_statements)
- [If 语句](#if_statements)
- [Guard 语句](#guard_statements)
- [Switch 语句](#switch_statements)
- [带标签的语句](#labeled_statements)
- [控制转移语句](#control_transfer_statements)
- [Break 语句](#break_statement)
- [Continue 语句](#continue_statement)
- [Fallthrough 语句](#fallthrough_statements)
- [Return 语句](#return_statements)
- [Throw 语句](#throw_statements)
- [Defer 语句](#defer_statements)
- [Do 语句](#do_statements)
- [编译器控制语句](#compiler_control_statements)
- [编译配置语句](#build_config_statements)
- [行控制语句](#line_control_statements)
- [可用性条件](#availability_condition)
在 Swift 中,有三种类型的语句:简单语句、编译器控制语句和控制流语句。简单语句是最常见的,用于构造表达式或者声明。编译器控制语句允许程序改变编译器的行为,包含编译配置语句和行控制语句。

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<a name="declarations"></a>
# 声明Declarations
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[marsprince](https://github.com/marsprince) [Lenhoon](https://github.com/marsprince)[(微博)](http://www.weibo.com/lenhoon)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[Lenhoon](https://github.com/Lenhoon),
> [BridgeQ](https://github.com/WXGBridgeQ)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay), [shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 校对:[shanks](http://codebuild.me)
> 2.2
> 翻译:[星夜暮晨](https://github.com/SemperIdem)
> 3.0
> 翻译:[chenmingjia](https://github.com/chenmingjia)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页包含内容:
- [顶级代码](#top-level_code)
- [代码块](#code_blocks)
- [导入声明](#import_declaration)
- [常量声明](#constant_declaration)
- [变量声明](#variable_declaration)
- [存储型变量和存储型变量属性](#stored_variables_and_stored_variable_properties)
- [计算型变量和计算型属性](#computed_variables_and_computed_properties)
- [存储型变量和属性的观察器](#stored_variable_observers_and_property_observers)
- [类型变量属性](#type_variable_properties)
- [类型别名声明](#type_alias_declaration)
- [函数声明](#function_declaration)
- [参数名](#parameter_names)
- [输入输出参数](#in-out_parameters)
- [特殊参数](#special_kinds_of_parameters)
- [特殊方法](#special_kinds_of_methods)
- [抛出错误的函数和方法](#throwing_functions_and_methods)
- [重抛错误的函数和方法](#rethrowing_functions_and_methods)
- [枚举声明](#enumeration_declaration)
- [任意类型的枚举用例](#enumerations_with_cases_of_any_type)
- [递归枚举](#enumerations_with_indirection)
- [拥有原始值的枚举用例](#enumerations_with_cases_of_a_raw-value_type)
- [访问枚举用例](#accessing_enumeration_cases)
- [结构体声明](#structure_declaration)
- [类声明](#class_declaration)
- [协议声明](#protocol_declaration)
- [协议属性声明](#protocol_property_declaration)
- [协议方法声明](#protocol_method_declaration)
- [协议构造器声明](#protocol_initializer_declaration)
- [协议下标声明](#protocol_subscript_declaration)
- [协议关联类型声明](#protocol_associated_type_declaration)
- [构造器声明](#initializer_declaration)
- [可失败构造器](#failable_initializers)
- [析构器声明](#deinitializer_declaration)
- [扩展声明](#extension_declaration)
- [下标声明](#subscript_declaration)
- [运算符声明](#operator_declaration)
- [声明修饰符](#declaration_modifiers)
- [访问控制级别](#access_control_levels)
*声明declaration* 用以向程序里引入新的名字或者结构。举例来说,可以使用声明来引入函数和方法,变量和常量,或者定义新的具有命名的枚举、结构、类和协议类型。还可以使用声明来扩展一个既有的具有命名的类型的行为,或者在程序里引入在其它地方声明的符号。

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# 特性Attributes
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[Hawstein](https://github.com/Hawstein)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[KYawn](https://github.com/KYawn)
> 2.1
> 翻译:[小铁匠 Linus](https://github.com/kevin833752)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页内容包括:
- [声明特性](#declaration_attributes)
- [Interface Builder 使用的声明特性](#declaration_attributes_used_by_interface_builder)
- [类型特性](#type_attributes)
特性提供了有关声明和类型的更多信息。在 Swift 中有两种特性,分别用于修饰声明和类型。

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# 模式Patterns
-----------------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[honghaoz](https://github.com/honghaoz)
> 校对:[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[ray16897188](https://github.com/ray16897188),
> 2.1
> 翻译:[BridgeQ](https://github.com/WXGBridgeQ)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页内容包括:
- [通配符模式Wildcard Pattern](#wildcard_pattern)
- [标识符模式Identifier Pattern](#identifier_pattern)
- [值绑定模式Value-Binding Pattern](#value-binding_pattern)
- [元组模式Tuple Pattern](#tuple_pattern)
- [枚举用例模式Enumeration Case Pattern](#enumeration_case_pattern)
- [可选模式Optional Pattern](#optional_pattern)
- [类型转换模式Type-Casting Pattern](#type-casting_patterns)
- [表达式模式Expression Pattern](#expression_pattern)
*模式*代表单个值或者复合值的结构。例如,元组 `(1, 2)` 的结构是由逗号分隔的,包含两个元素的列表。因为模式代表一种值的结构,而不是特定的某个值,你可以利用模式来匹配各种各样的值。比如,`(x, y)` 可以匹配元组 `(1, 2)`,以及任何含两个元素的元组。除了利用模式匹配一个值以外,你可以从复合值中提取出部分或全部值,然后分别把各个部分的值和一个常量或变量绑定起来。

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# 泛型参数Generic Parameters and Arguments
---------
> 1.0
> 翻译:[fd5788](https://github.com/fd5788)
> 校对:[yankuangshi](https://github.com/yankuangshi), [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[wardenNScaiyi](https:github.com/wardenNScaiyi)
> 3.0
> 翻译+校对:[chenmingjia](https:github.com/chenmingjia)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页包含内容:
- [泛型形参子句](#generic_parameter)
- [Where 子句](#where_clauses)
- [泛型实参子句](#generic_argument)
本节涉及泛型类型、泛型函数以及泛型构造器的参数,包括形参和实参。声明泛型类型、函数或构造器时,须指定相应的类型参数。类型参数相当于一个占位符,当实例化泛型类型、调用泛型函数或泛型构造器时,就用具体的类型实参替代之。

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# 语法总结Summary of the Grammar
-----
> 1.0
> 翻译:[stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
> 校对:[xielingwang](https://github.com/xielingwang)
> 2.0
> 翻译+校对:[miaosiqi](https://github.com/miaosiqi)
> 4.1
> 翻译+校对:[mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
本页包含内容:
* [语句Statements](#statements)
* [泛型参数Generic Parameters and Arguments](#generic_parameters_and_arguments)
* [声明Declarations](#declarations)
* [模式Patterns](#patterns)
* [属性Attributes](#attributes)
* [表达式Expressions](#expressions)
* [词法结构Lexical Structure](#lexical_structure)
* [类型Types](#types)
<a name="statements"></a>
## 语句

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# 文档翻译 & 校对工作记录
Swift 官方文档中文翻译工作由[numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)发起并主导,该工作已经得到了苹果官方的认可。下面是各个版本官方文档翻译和校对工作的主要贡献者,排名不分先后。
## Swift 5.x 主要贡献者
## Swift 4.x 主要贡献者
- [Adolf-L](https://github.com/Adolf-L)
- [BigNerdCoding](https://github.com/bignerdcoding)
- [bqlin](https://github.com/bqlin)
- [Cee](https://github.com/Cee)
- [CMB](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)
- [Damonwong](https://github.com/Damonvvong)
- [Desgard](https://github.com/Desgard)
- [dzyding](https://github.com/dzyding)
- [EyreFree](https://www.eyrefree.org/)
- [Forelas](https://github.com/ForelaxX)
- [kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io)
- [jojotov](https://github.com/jojotov)
- [Meler](https://github.com/pmtao)
- [mobilefellow](https://github.com/mobilefellow)
- [muhlenXi](https://github.com/muhlenxi)
- [mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
- [Nemocdz](https://github.com/Nemocdz)
- [numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)
- [rain2540](https://github.com/rain2540)
- [Rsenjoyer](https://github.com/Rsenjoyer)
- [WAMaker](https://github.com/WAMaker)
- [wuqiuhao](https://github.com/wuqiuhao)
- [YiYiZheng](https://github.com/YiYiZheng)
- [ZhangChi](https://github.com/zhangchi25806)
## Swift 3.x 主要贡献者
- [bqlin](https://github.com/bqlin)
- [chenmingjia](https://github.com/chenmingjia)
- [CMB](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)
- [crayygy](https://github.com/crayygy)
- [kemchenj](https://kemchenj.github.io)
- [Lanford](https://github.com/LanfordCai)
- [mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay)
- [mylittleswift](https://github.com/mylittleswift)
- [qhd](https://github.com/qhd)
- [shanks](https://github.com/shanksyang)
## Swift 2.x 主要贡献者
- [100mango](https://github.com/100mango)
- [175](https://github.com/Brian175)
- [BridgeQ](https://github.com/WXGBridgeQ)
- [buginux](https://github.com/buginux)
- [Cee](https://github.com/Cee)
- [Channe](https://github.com/Channe)
- [CMB](https://github.com/chenmingbiao)
- [DianQK](https://github.com/DianQK)
- [dreamkidd](https://github.com/dreamkidd)
- [EudeMorgen](https://github.com/EudeMorgen)
- [futantan](https://github.com/futantan)
- [JackAlan](https://github.com/AlanMelody)
- [KYawn](https://github.com/KYawn)
- [Lanford](https://github.com/LanfordCai)
- [Lenhoon](https://github.com/Lenhoon)
- [littledogboy](https://github.com/littledogboy)
- [LinusLing](https://github.com/linusling)
- [lyojo](https://github.com/lyojo)
- [miaosiqi](https://github.com/miaosiqi)
- [mmoaay](https://github.com/mmoaay)
- [overtrue](https://github.com/overtrue)
- [pmst](https://github.com/colourful987)
- [Prayer](https://github.com/futantan)
- [qhd](https://github.com/qhd)
- [ray16897188](https://github.com/ray16897188)
- [Realank](https://github.com/realank)
- [saitjr](https://github.com/saitjr)
- [SergioChan](https://github.com/SergioChan)
- [shanks](https://github.com/shanksyang)
- [SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK)
- [SkyJean](https://github.com/SkyJean)
- [wardenNScaiyi](https:github.com/wardenNScaiyi)
- [xtymichael](https://github.com/xtymichael)
- [yangsiy](https://github.com/yangsiy)
- [星夜暮晨](https://github.com/semperidem)
- [小铁匠 Linus](https://github.com/kevin833752)
## Swift 1.x 主要贡献者
- [bruce0505](https://github.com/bruce0505)
- [changkun](http://changkun.us/about/)
- [ChildhoodAndy](http://childhood.logdown.com)
- [coverxit](https://github.com/coverxit)
- [dabing1022](https://github.com/dabing1022)
- [EvilCome](https://github.com/Evilcome)
- [feiin](https://github.com/feiin)
- [fd5788](https://github.com/fd5788)
- [geek5nan](https://github.com/geek5nan)
- [happyming](https://github.com/happyming)
- [Hawstein](https://github.com/Hawstein)
- [honghaoz](https://github.com/honghaoz)
- [JaceFu](http://www.devtalking.com/)
- [Jasonbroker](https://github.com/Jasonbroker)
- [JaySurplus](https://github.com/JaySurplus)
- [Lenhoon](https://github.com/marsprince)
- [lifedim](https://github.com/lifedim)
- [Lin-H](https://github.com/Lin-H)
- [lslxdx](https://github.com/lslxdx)
- [LunaticM](https://github.com/LunaticM)
- [lyuka](https://github.com/lyuka)
- [marsprince](https://github.com/marsprince)
- [menlongsheng](https://github.com/menlongsheng)
- [NicePiao](https://github.com/NicePiao)
- [numbbbbb](https://github.com/numbbbbb)
- [pp-prog](https://github.com/pp-prog)
- [sg552](https://github.com/sg552)
- [stanzhai](https://github.com/stanzhai)
- [shinyzhu](https://github.com/shinyzhu)
- [superkam](https://github.com/superkam)
- [takalard](https://github.com/takalard)
- [TimothyYe](https://github.com/TimothyYe)
- [vclwei](https://github.com/vclwei)
- [wh1100717](https://github.com/wh1100717)
- [xiehurricane](https://github.com/xiehurricane)
- [XieLingWang](https://github.com/xielingwang)
- [yangsiy](https://github.com/yangsiy)
- [yankuangshi](https://github.com/yankuangshi)
- [yeahdongcn](https://github.com/yeahdongcn)
- [yangsiy](https://github.com/yangsiy)
- [zqp](https://github.com/zqp)
- [成都老码团队翻译组-Arya](http://weibo.com/littlekok/)
- [成都老码团队翻译组-Oberyn](http://weibo.com/u/5241713117)